When and how do I make a seat reservation on trains in Europe?

Reservations are mandatory for overnight trains, most high-speed services (Eurostar, TGV, TAV, Thalys), and long-distance trains in specific regions like Spain and Scandinavia. You must hold a valid rail pass for the route and can book reservations at the station or directly through the railway carrier.

Mandatory Reservation Requirements

While a rail pass acts as your ticket, many premium European trains require a separate seat reservation. This ensures every passenger has a designated spot. Reservations are strictly required for:

  • Sleeping accommodations: Required on all overnight trains.
  • High-speed trains: Includes Eurostar, TGV, TAV, and Thalys networks.
  • Regional Express Trains: Mandatory for Long Distance and Express trains in Spain, Portugal, Scandinavia, and Eastern Europe.
  • High Season Travel: Often required for Long Distance and Express trains during July and August.

Sleeper Car Configurations

Night trains generally offer two types of accommodations: Private Cabins (Sleepers) and Couchettes. Configurations vary by class and country.

Accommodation Type 1st Class Layout 2nd Class Layout Notes
Private Cabins 1-2 Berths 2-3 Berths Higher price point; typical on Hotel trains.
Couchettes 4 Berths (avail. mostly in France) 6 Berths Community cabins; generally lower cost.

Reservation Costs

Reservation fees are additional to your rail pass or ticket cost. Prices fluctuate based on the train type and class of service:

  • High-Speed Seats: Approximately $11–14 USD.
  • International 1st Class: Can range up to $85 USD.
  • Regional Variations: Sleeper prices are often lower in Italy, Scandinavia, and Eastern Europe, but higher on luxury lines between France and Spain.

Strict Penalty Warning

If you board a train requiring reservations without one, you may be fined up to $65 USD per person. Additionally, conductors may confiscate your rail pass, causing you to lose all remaining travel days.